What to observe
Look beyond the front view. Tooth height, placement, and platform thickness reveal themselves from the side and sole.


Thinking as a collection
For a collectible work, keep measurements, construction terms, and photographs from every angle.
Before buying or displaying
This guide is editorially informed by classified public web, social, collection, and market information. Verify an individual work's place, maker, date, and specifications with primary sources such as its maker or holding collection.
Six fields to check: maker, form, paulownia, finish, hanao, and dimensions / condition。
Editorial note for this page
This is a guide for observation and comparison. Historical attribution, repair, conservation, and wear safety vary by object, condition, and environment.


